Lesson 1.1.3 LED Bar Graph

Introduction

In this project, we sequentially illuminate the lights on the LED Bar Graph.

Components

Principle

LED Bar Graph

LED Bar Graph is an LED array, which is used to connect with electronic circuit or microcontroller. It’s easy to connect LED bar graph with the circuit like as connecting 10 individual LEDs with 10 output pins. Generally we can use the LED bar graph as a Battery level Indicator, Audio equipments, and Industrial Control panels. There are many other applications of LED bar graphs.

Schematic Diagram

T-Board Name	physical	wiringPi	BCM
GPIO17	Pin 11	0	17
GPIO18	Pin 12	1	18
GPIO27	Pin 13	2	27
GPIO22	Pin 15	3	22
GPIO23	Pin 16	4	23
GPIO24	Pin 18	5	24
GPIO25	Pin 22	6	25
SDA1	Pin 3	8	2
SCL1	Pin 5	9	3
SPICE0	Pin 24	10	8

Experimental Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit. 

• For C Language Users

Step 2: Go to the folder of the code.

cd ~/davinci-kit-for-raspberry-pi/c/1.1.3/

Step 3: Compile the code.

gcc 1.1.3_LedBarGraph.c -lwiringPi

Step 4: Run the executable file.

sudo ./a.out

After the code runs, you will see the LEDs on the LED bar turn on and off regularly.

Code

#include <wiringPi.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int pins[10] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10};
void oddLedBarGraph(void){
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
        int j=i*2;
        digitalWrite(pins[j],HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(pins[j],LOW);
    }
}
void evenLedBarGraph(void){
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
        int j=i*2+1;
        digitalWrite(pins[j],HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(pins[j],LOW);
    }
}
void allLedBarGraph(void){
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
        digitalWrite(pins[i],HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(pins[i],LOW);
    }
}
int main(void)
{
    if(wiringPiSetup() == -1){ //when initialize wiring failed,print message to screen
        printf("setup wiringPi failed !");
        return 1;
    }
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++){       //make led pins' mode is output
        pinMode(pins[i], OUTPUT);
        digitalWrite(pins[i],LOW);
    }
    while(1){
        oddLedBarGraph();
        delay(300);
        evenLedBarGraph();
        delay(300);
        allLedBarGraph();
        delay(300);
    }
    return 0;
}

Code Explanation

int pins[10] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10};

Create an array and assign it to the pin number corresponding to the LED Bar Graph (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10) and the array will be used to control the LED.

void oddLedBarGraph(void){
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
        int j=i*2;
        digitalWrite(pins[j],HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(pins[j],LOW);
    }
}

Let the LED on the odd digit of the LED Bar Graph light on in turn.

void evenLedBarGraph(void){
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
        int j=i*2+1;
        digitalWrite(pins[j],HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(pins[j],LOW);
    }
}

Make the LED on the even digit of the LED Bar Graph light on in turn.

void allLedBarGraph(void){
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
        digitalWrite(pins[i],HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(pins[i],LOW);
    }
}

Let the LED on the LED Bar Graph light on one by one.

• For Python Language Users

Step 2: Go to the folder of the code.

    cd /home/pi/davinci-kit-for-raspberry-pi/python/

Step 3: Run the executable file.

    sudo python3 1.1.3_LedBarGraph.py

After the code runs, you will see the LEDs on the LED bar turn on and off regularly.

Code

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time

ledPins = [11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 22, 3, 5, 24]

def oddLedBarGraph():
    for i in range(5):
        j = i*2
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.HIGH)
        time.sleep(0.3)
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.LOW)

def evenLedBarGraph():
    for i in range(5):
        j = i*2+1
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.HIGH)
        time.sleep(0.3)
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.LOW)

def allLedBarGraph():
    for i in ledPins:
        GPIO.output(i,GPIO.HIGH)
        time.sleep(0.3)
        GPIO.output(i,GPIO.LOW)

def setup():
    GPIO.setwarnings(False)
    GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)        # Numbers GPIOs by physical location
    for i in ledPins:
        GPIO.setup(i, GPIO.OUT)   # Set all ledPins' mode is output
        GPIO.output(i, GPIO.LOW) # Set all ledPins to high(+3.3V) to off led

def loop():
    while True:
        oddLedBarGraph()
        time.sleep(0.3)
        evenLedBarGraph()
        time.sleep(0.3)
        allLedBarGraph()
        time.sleep(0.3)

def destroy():
    for pin in ledPins:
        GPIO.output(pin, GPIO.LOW)    # turn off all leds
    GPIO.cleanup()                     # Release resource

if __name__ == '__main__':     # Program start from here
    setup()
    try:
        loop()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:  # When 'Ctrl+C' is pressed, the program destroy() will be  executed.
        destroy()

Code Explanation

ledPins = [11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 22, 3, 5, 24]

Create an array and assign it to the pin number corresponding to the LED Bar Graph (11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 22, 3, 5, 24) and the array will be used to control the LED.

def oddLedBarGraph():
    for i in range(5):
        j = i*2
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.HIGH)
        time.sleep(0.3)
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.LOW)

Let the LED on the odd digit of the LED Bar Graph light on in turn.

def evenLedBarGraph():
    for i in range(5):
        j = i*2+1
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.HIGH)
        time.sleep(0.3)
        GPIO.output(ledPins[j],GPIO.LOW)

Make the LED on the even digit of the LED Bar Graph light on in turn.

def allLedBarGraph():
    for i in ledPins:
        GPIO.output(i,GPIO.HIGH)
        time.sleep(0.3)
        GPIO.output(i,GPIO.LOW)

Let the LED on the LED Bar Graph light on one by one.

Phenomenon Picture