Lesson 3.1.2 Welcome

Introduction

In this project, we will use PIR to sense the movement of pedestrians, and use servos, LED, buzzer to simulate the work of the sensor door of the convenience store. When the pedestrian appears within the sensing range of the PIR, the indicator light will be on, the door will be opened, and the buzzer will play the opening bell.

Components

Schematic Diagram

T-Board Name	physical	wiringPi	BCM
GPIO18	Pin 12	1	18
GPIO17	Pin 11	0	17
GPIO27	Pin 13	2	27
GPIO22	Pin 15	3	22

Experimental Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit.  

• For C Language Users

Step 2: Change directory.

    cd /home/pi/davinci-kit-for-raspberry-pi/c/3.1.2/

Step 3: Compile.

    gcc 3.1.2_Welcome.c -lwiringPi

Step 4: Run.

    sudo ./a.out

After the code runs, if the PIR sensor detects someone passing by, the door will automatically open (simulated by the servo), turn on the indicator and play the doorbell music. After the doorbell music plays, the system will automatically close the door and turn off the indicator light, waiting for the next time someone passes by.

Code Explanation 

void setAngle(int pin, int angle){    //Create a funtion to control the angle of the servo.
    if(angle < 0)
        angle = 0;
    if(angle > 180)
        angle = 180;
    softPwmWrite(pin,Map(angle, 0, 180, 5, 25));   
}

Create a function, setAngle to write the angle in the servo that is 0-180.

void doorbell(){
   for(int i=0;i<sizeof(song)/4;i++){
        softToneWrite(BuzPin, song[i]); 
        delay(beat[i] * 250);
    }

Create a function, doorbell to enable the buzzer to play music. 

void closedoor(){
   digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);   //led off
   for(int i=180;i>-1;i--){  //make servo rotate from maximum angle to minimum angle
       setAngle(servoPin,i);
       delay(1);
   }
}

Create a closedoor function to simulate closing the door, turn off the LED and let the servo turn from 180 degrees to 0 degree.

void opendoor(){
   digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);   //led on
   for(int i=0;i<181;i++){  //make servo rotate from minimum angle to maximum angle
       setAngle(servoPin,i);
       delay(1);
   }
   doorbell();
   closedoor();
}

The function opendoor() includes several parts: turn on the indicator light, turn the servo (simulate the action of opening the door), play the doorbell music of the convenience store, and call the function closedoor() after playing music.

    int main(void)
{
    if(wiringPiSetup() == -1){ //when initialize wiring failed,print message to screen
        printf("setup wiringPi failed !");
        return 1;
    }
    if(softToneCreate(BuzPin) == -1){
        printf("setup softTone failed !");
        return 1;
......

In the function main(), initialize library wiringPi and setup softTone, then set ledPin to output state and pirPin to input state. If the PIR sensor detects someone passing by, the function opendoor will be called to simulate opening the door.

• For Python Language Users

Step 2: Change directory.

    cd /home/pi/davinci-kit-for-raspberry-pi/python/

Step 3: Run.

    sudo python3 3.1.2_Welcome.py

After the code runs, if the PIR sensor detects someone passing by, the door will automatically open (simulated by the servo), turn on the indicator and play the doorbell music. After the doorbell music plays, the system will automatically close the door and turn off the indicator light, waiting for the next time someone passes by.

Code Explanation 

def setup():
   global p
   global Buzz                        # Assign a global variable to replace GPIO.PWM
   GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)       # Numbers GPIOs by physical location
   GPIO.setup(ledPin, GPIO.OUT)   # Set ledPin's mode is output
   GPIO.setup(pirPin, GPIO.IN)    # Set sensorPin's mode is input
   GPIO.setup(buzPin, GPIO.OUT)    # Set pins' mode is output
   Buzz = GPIO.PWM(buzPin, 440)    # 440 is initial frequency.
   Buzz.start(50)                    # Start Buzzer pin with 50% duty ration
   GPIO.setup(servoPin, GPIO.OUT)   # Set servoPin's mode is output
   GPIO.output(servoPin, GPIO.LOW)  # Set servoPin to low
   p = GPIO.PWM(servoPin, 50)     # set Frequece to 50Hz
   p.start(0)                     # Duty Cycle = 0

These statements are used to initialize the pins of each component.

def setAngle(angle):      # make the servo rotate to specific angle (0-180 degrees) 
    angle = max(0, min(180, angle))
    pulse_width = map(angle, 0, 180, SERVO_MIN_PULSE, SERVO_MAX_PULSE)
    pwm = map(pulse_width, 0, 20000, 0, 100)
    p.ChangeDutyCycle(pwm)#map the angle to duty cycle and output it

Create a function, servowrite to write the angle in the servo that is 0-180.

def doorbell():
   for i in range(1, len(song)):        # Play song 1
       Buzz.ChangeFrequency(song[i])    # Change the frequency along the song note
       time.sleep(beat[i] * 0.25)        # delay a note for beat * 0.25s

Create a function, doorbell to enable the buzzer to play music.

def closedoor():
   GPIO.output(ledPin, GPIO.LOW)
   Buzz.ChangeFrequency(1)
   for i in range(180, -1, -1): #make servo rotate from 180 to 0 deg
       setAngle(i)
       time.sleep(0.001)

Close the door and turn off the indicator light.

def opendoor():
   GPIO.output(ledPin, GPIO.LOW)
   for i in range(0, 181, 1):   #make servo rotate from 0 to 180 deg
       setAngle(i)     # Write to servo
       time.sleep(0.001)
   doorbell()
   closedoor()

The function, opendoor() consists of several parts: turn on the indicator light, turn the servo (to simulate the action of opening the door), play the doorbell music of the convenience store, and call the function , closedoor()  after playing music.

 def loop():
while True:
       if GPIO.input(pirPin)==GPIO.HIGH:
           opendoor()

When RIP senses that someone is passing by, it calls the function, opendoor().

Phenomenon Picture